Scope 2 Market-Based Emissions Calculator

Calculate market-based Scope 2 emissions by splitting total electricity consumption into contract-covered and residual portions, applying emission factors, and adjusting for grid losses in line with GHG Protocol guidance.

Enter the market-based reporting period's total metered electricity demand before certificate adjustments.
Volume matched by energy attribute certificates, PPAs, or supplier-specific tariffs during the same period.
Emission factor from certificates or supplier disclosures expressed in kilograms of CO2e per kWh.
Optional. Defaults to 0.45 kg CO2e/kWh when left blank to represent a medium-carbon residual grid mix.
Optional. Leave blank to assume 0%. Applies a percentage uplift to both contracted and residual kWh for losses.

For assurance engagements, reconcile contract volumes against settlement data and retain evidence of emission factors used.

Examples

  • 12,000,000 kWh total, 9,000,000 kWh covered at 0.02 kg/kWh, residual EF default 0.45 kg/kWh, 2% losses ⇒ Market-based Scope 2 emissions: 1,560.60 t CO2e | Contract-covered share: 75.00% | Residual emissions: 1,377,000 kg CO2e
  • 4,500,000 kWh total, 4,500,000 kWh covered at 0 kg/kWh, residual EF 0.58 kg/kWh, no losses ⇒ Market-based Scope 2 emissions: 0.00 t CO2e | Contract-covered share: 100.00% | Residual emissions: 0 kg CO2e

FAQ

What qualifies as a contractual instrument?

Energy attribute certificates, renewable PPAs, supplier-specific tariffs, and similar instruments that meet the Scope 2 quality criteria can be entered as contracted volume.

How should I choose the residual emission factor?

Use the residual mix published by your market operator or regulator. When unknown, apply a conservative default and document the source in your assurance notes.

Can I model transmission and distribution losses?

Yes. Enter a positive percentage to uplift both contracted and residual kWh before applying emission factors, mirroring the loss treatment in your inventory methodology.

What if my contracted energy exceeds total consumption?

The calculator automatically caps contracted kWh at total consumption to avoid negative residuals; investigate data alignment if you hit the cap.

Additional Information

  • Outputs follow the GHG Protocol Scope 2 Guidance by separating contract-covered and residual electricity volumes.
  • Emission factors are expressed in kilograms of CO2e per kilowatt-hour; the calculator converts totals to metric tons.
  • Grid loss adjustments uplift both portions equally—set the percentage to align with utility disclosure or regulatory defaults.
  • Contracted volumes are capped at total consumption to prevent overstated coverage.

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